Description of the Questionnaire

The questionnaire used in this study consists of three scientifically validated measurement scales. Specifically, it includes the FCV-19S scale for measuring fear of COVID-19, the DASS-21 scale for assessing levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and the Greek version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-GR), which records professional burnout across three dimensions: personal, work-related, and patient-related burnout. The questionnaire was anonymous, self-administered, and completed by 157 healthcare professionals from the General Hospital of Thessaloniki “Agios Pavlos”.

Data Analysis and Use

Data analysis was carried out using the statistical software IBM SPSS Version 23. Statistical processing included both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive analysis involved the calculation of means, percentages, and standard deviations. Each tool was analyzed independently, and correlations with the demographic characteristics of participants were also examined. Inferential statistics aimed to identify statistically significant differences between variables such as gender, professional role, age, and years of experience.

Objective

The main objective of the questionnaire was to capture the level of fear experienced by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, assess levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, and measure professional burnout. The study also aimed to identify potential differences in these levels based on gender, job role, years of experience, and type of clinical department (COVID-related or other).

Calibration

Calibration of the tools was conducted according to the standards of each scale. The FCV-19S scale consists of 7 questions using a 5-point Likert scale, with a total score ranging from 7 to 35, where a higher score indicates greater fear. The DASS-21 scale includes 21 questions divided into three subscales (stress, anxiety, depression), and the score for each subscale is calculated by doubling the individual values. Based on the total score, the intensity of psychological distress is categorized (mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe). The CBI-GR scale consists of 19 questions and calculates the percentage level of burnout for each dimension (personal, work-related, patient-related), with values ranging from 0 to 100%, where higher percentages indicate an increased risk of burnout.

Bibliography

Lovibond, P.F. & Lovibond, S.H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the DASS with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Ahorsu, D.K., Lin, C.-Y., Imani, V. et al. (2020). The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation. Kristensen, T.S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E., & Christensen, K.B. (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory.