Purpose of the Questionnaire (Scale)

The main goal of the AH4 is the assessment of general mental ability (G factor) in adolescents and adults. It is designed for individuals aged 13 and above and is used in educational contexts (for student guidance), career counseling, recruitment processes, and research evaluation. It measures a variety of cognitive abilities and allows mass administration without the need for individual supervision.

Questionnaire (Scale) Analysis

The test was developed by John C. Raven, the same researcher who designed the Raven’s Progressive Matrices, and was published in 1962 by Harcourt Assessment. The AH4 is a standardized multiple-choice test consisting of 65 items, divided into two main sections:
AH4 Part I – Assesses basic verbal and numerical skills.
AH4 Part II – Contains more complex tasks of analytical thinking, logic, and reasoning with patterns and spatial perception.
The cognitive abilities assessed include verbal ability, abstract reasoning, numerical reasoning, spatial perception, and pattern reasoning. The total administration time is approximately 40–50 minutes.

Scoring of the Test

The AH4 uses multiple-choice questions, which can be scored either mechanically or manually. Performance scores are converted into intelligence quotients (IQ) or percentile ranks. Scoring is based on specific conversion tables and can be adapted according to the age and cognitive level of the examinee.

Statistical Analysis

The test has a continuous scoring scale that enables the calculation of IQ or percentile scores. The test–retest reliability of the AH4 exceeds 0.80, which is considered high reliability.
Example of Interpretation: High performance in Part II (logical thinking, spatial perception) is related to higher achievement in professions requiring analytical skills and organization. Conversely, lower scores may indicate a need for support in certain cognitive domains.

Validity of the Questionnaire (Scale)

Validity refers to the test’s ability to measure what it claims to measure. The AH4 has proven to be a valid tool for predicting academic and professional performance, showing significant correlation with other intelligence tests such as the WAIS and the Raven’s Matrices.
Greek studies, such as Alexopoulos (1996), confirm the construct validity and appropriate adaptation of the test for the Greek population.

Reliability of the Questionnaire (Scale)

Reliability refers to the stability and consistency of the test results. The AH4 demonstrates high test–retest reliability (>0.80) and is considered a reliable tool for measuring general intelligence, both in research and applied settings.

References

Greek References
Alexopoulos, D. S. (1996). Factor structure of Hein’s AH4. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 86, 643–646.
International References
Raven, J. C. (1965). Guide to Using the AH4 Group Test of General Intelligence. London: H.K. Lewis.
Rust, J. O., & Golombok, S. (1989). Modern Psychometrics: The Science of Psychological Assessment. Routledge.
Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological Testing (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.

Keywords

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