Purpose of the Questionnaire

The purpose of the questionnaire is to investigate and assess the energy status of individuals, with particular focus on patients with cardiovascular problems. Identifying symptoms such as exhaustion, fatigue, and low energy can contribute to a better understanding of the overall psychosomatic condition of these individuals and support healthcare professionals in their diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Questionnaire Analysis

The EEE-21 questionnaire (Energy Exhaustion Evaluation – 21 items) was developed by Appels and colleagues in 1987. It consists of 21 questions designed to detect premonitory symptoms of exhaustion, especially in populations with cardiac issues. This tool is frequently used by cardiologists and other healthcare professionals with the aim of preventing and intervening early in cases where there is a noticeable decline in energy levels and an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Questionnaire Scoring

Scoring for the EEE-21 is based on a three-point scale with the following responses: “Yes” is scored as 2, “?” as 1, and “No” as 0. It is important to note that questions 9 through 14 are reverse scored, meaning the responses to those items are considered with inverted point values. The total score is obtained by summing all responses, with higher scores indicating greater levels of energy exhaustion.

Validity and Reliability

The reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed through internal consistency analysis. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which assesses the consistency of the items, was calculated at 0.87, indicating excellent reliability. This high level of consistency makes the tool suitable for use in both clinical and research settings, offering dependable results.

References

Aggelopoulou, Z., Fotos, N. V., Chatziefstratiou, A. A., Giakoumidakis, K., Elefsiniotis, I., & Brokalaki, H. (2017). The level of anxiety, depression and quality of life among patients with heart failure in Greece. Applied Nursing Research, 34, 52–56.
Appels, A. P. W. M., Höppener, P., & Mulder, P. (1987). A questionnaire to assess premonitory symptoms of myocardial infarction. International Journal of Cardiology, 17(1), 15–24.