Description

The Total Quality Management Scale (TQM-24) is an assessment instrument designed to evaluate the implementation and perception of Total Quality Management (TQM) principles within organizations. The scale examines the degree to which quality-oriented practices, continuous improvement processes, organizational commitment, and customer-focused approaches are incorporated into organizational functioning.

The instrument is used to assess organizational quality culture and the extent to which employees perceive that quality management principles are applied in their working environment.

Objective

The main objective of the TQM-24 is to evaluate the level of adoption of Total Quality Management practices and to identify factors associated with organizational quality performance.

The scale aims to measure aspects related to quality improvement, employee participation, leadership commitment, and the development of a culture focused on continuous improvement.

Structure and Content

The TQM-24 consists of 24 items that assess different dimensions of Total Quality Management.

The questionnaire evaluates organizational characteristics related to quality management, including the commitment of management, employee involvement, process improvement, and orientation toward service or product quality.

Scoring Method

Responses are typically recorded using a Likert-type scale, allowing participants to indicate the degree to which they agree with statements related to quality management practices.

The overall score is calculated by combining responses across the items. Higher scores indicate stronger implementation and perception of Total Quality Management principles within the organization.

Data Analysis and Use

Data from the TQM-24 can be analysed using descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and comparative methods.

The scale can be used to examine relationships between quality management practices and organizational outcomes, employee attitudes, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and performance indicators.

Validity and Reliability

The psychometric evaluation of the TQM-24 includes assessment of validity and reliability. The structure of the scale can be examined through factor analysis, while internal consistency can be evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.

These analyses support the accuracy and consistency of the instrument in measuring Total Quality Management practices.

Applications

The TQM-24 can be applied in organizational research, business administration, healthcare organizations, educational institutions, and public-sector services.

It provides information that can support the evaluation of organizational quality culture and the development of strategies for continuous improvement.

References

Deming, W. E. (1986). Out of the Crisis. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Juran, J. M. (1988). Juran on Planning for Quality. New York: Free Press.

Crosby, P. B. (1979). Quality is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Oakland, J. S. (2014). Total Quality Management and Operational Excellence: Text with Cases. Routledge.