Scale-Description

The Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS) is a tool designed to assess anxiety related to participation in sports activities. The SAS measures concerns and anxiety experienced by athletes before and during their performances, focusing on various dimensions of anxiety, such as performance anxiety, social evaluation anxiety, and physical responses to anxiety.

Data Analysis and Usage

Data analysis from the SAS involves evaluating participants’ responses to the questionnaire items, which are rated on a Likert scale. Each question is typically rated from 1 (not at all characteristic) to 5 (extremely characteristic).
Data Usage:
Data Collection: Participants complete the questionnaire, rating the frequency and intensity of the anxiety symptoms they experience.
Score Calculation: Responses are calculated to produce total scores for different dimensions of anxiety.
Score Analysis: Scores are used to assess the overall level of anxiety and specific dimensions related to sports anxiety.
Analysis includes statistical evaluation of the scale’s reliability (e.g., internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha) and its validity (e.g., comparative studies with other anxiety scales).

Purpose

The primary goal of the SAS is to provide a reliable tool for assessing anxiety related to sports activities. The tool aims to understand the levels of anxiety experienced by athletes and to assist in improving their performance through anxiety management.

Calibration

The calibration of the SAS involves validating the scale through reliability and validity assessments:
Internal Consistency: Checked using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure that the questionnaire items are well correlated.
Validity: Includes comparisons with other anxiety scales and clinical assessments to confirm that the SAS effectively measures sports-related anxiety.

References

Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., & Schutz, R. W. (1990). The Sport Anxiety Scale: Development and Validation. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 12(3), 312-319.
Martens, R., Vealey, R. S., & Burton, D. (1990). Competitive Anxiety in Sport. Human Kinetics.
Spielberger, C. D. (1972). The Theory and Measurement of Anxiety. Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research, 1, 23-49.