Description

The Exercise Causality Orientations Scale (ECOS-7) is a tool designed to assess individuals’ causality orientations regarding physical exercise. Its purpose is to measure the internal or external causes that influence exercise behavior, i.e., whether individuals are motivated by internal factors (such as enjoyment of exercise) or external factors (such as rewards or pressure from others).

Data Analysis and Use

The analysis of data from ECOS-7 may include:
Scoring: The scale typically uses a Likert scale, where participants rate the causality of their choices regarding exercise. Higher scores in specific areas indicate a stronger tendency toward corresponding causality (internal or external).
Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive Statistics: Means and standard deviations are used to calculate the average causality orientation of a population.
Correlation: Analysis of the relationship between causality orientations and other variables such as age, gender, or fitness level.
Comparative Analysis: Comparisons of results between different subgroups (e.g., athletes vs. non-athletes).

Objective

The objective of the ECOS-7 is to understand how and why individuals are motivated to exercise, and to identify factors that influence their behavior regarding physical activity. Researchers and health professionals can use it to design interventions that encourage positive exercise habits.

Calibration

The calibration of the ECOS-7 involves checking the reliability and validity of the tool to ensure its appropriateness for different populations:
Cross-Cultural Studies: The scale is tested in various cultural settings to ensure its relevance for diverse groups.
Reliability: The calculation of Cronbach’s alpha helps confirm the consistency of the questions.
Validity: Validity tests confirm that the scale effectively measures internal and external motivation for exercise.

References

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York: Plenum Press.
Mullan, E., & Markland, D. (1997). Variations in self-determination across the stages of change for exercise in adults. Motivation and Emotion, 21(4), 349-362.
Markland, D. (1999). Self-determination moderates the effects of perceived competence on intrinsic motivation in an exercise setting. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21(4), 361-371.