Brief Description

The Relationship Attribution Measure (RAM) is a standardized psychometric tool that assesses the causal attributions individuals make about their partner’s behavior in conflict situations. It includes descriptive scenarios and statements that cover three core attribution dimensions: internal vs. external causes, stable vs. unstable causes, and partner-controlled vs. uncontrollable causes.

Purpose

The purpose of this tool is to capture how individuals interpret their partner’s behavior, particularly during negative events. Understanding these attributions helps clarify how they affect the relationship, levels of satisfaction, and emotional responses to conflict. The tool is useful for preventing and managing dysfunctional communication patterns in romantic relationships.

Scoring Method

Participants are asked to read brief scenarios describing problematic or difficult behaviors from their partner and then respond to a series of statements assessing their perceptions of their partner’s motives and responsibility. Responses are given on a 7-point Likert scale, and scores are calculated separately for each attribution dimension (cause, responsibility, control). Higher scores reflect more negative or critical attribution patterns.

Validity

The conceptual and construct validity of the RAM has been supported through factor analyses and comparisons with other scales measuring relationship satisfaction, aggression, and emotional distress. Attribution patterns identified using this tool have been shown to significantly relate to relationship quality and long-term outcomes.

Reliability

The reliability of the tool is high. Internal consistency, measured with Cronbach’s alpha, exceeds 0.85 across all dimensions. Test-retest reliability over a period of several weeks has also been confirmed, supporting the stability of the results.

Data Analysis and Application

Analysis is conducted both at the factor level and through total scores. Researchers and mental health professionals can interpret attribution styles as indicators of functional or dysfunctional cognitive patterns. The results support therapeutic planning, particularly in cognitive-behavioral couple therapy. The tool can also be used in research to explore the relationship between attributions and emotional or behavioral indicators.

References

Fincham, F. D., & Bradbury, T. N. (1992). Assessing attributions in marriage: The Relationship Attribution Measure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(3), 457–468.
Bradbury, T. N., & Fincham, F. D. (1990). Attributions in marriage: Review and critique. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 3–33.