Brief Description

The QOLID-89 questionnaire consists of 89 items grouped into 20 distinct factors, each scored separately. These factors cover aspects such as health, overall quality of life, physical functionality, role limitations due to physical problems, employment, driving, social functioning, anxiety, fatigue, emotional well-being, concentration, use of computing devices, memory, language, side effects of medication, social support, social isolation, perceived health changes, romantic relationships, and general health. The tool provides a total score ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. Of particular interest are items 1, 2, 3, 49, and 89, which relate to patients’ perceptions of their health, general quality of life, and changes in health status.

Purpose

The purpose of the QOLID-89 questionnaire is to assess quality of life in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Through its multiple thematic domains, it captures how the disease affects the individual’s daily life and overall well-being, thereby contributing to improvements in care and therapeutic interventions.

Scoring Method

The adapted Greek version of QOLID-89 for individuals with diabetes mellitus retains the original 89 questions, structured into 20 factors. Each factor is scored independently and contributes to the calculation of the total quality of life index. The maximum total score is 100, representing optimal quality of life.

Validity

The QOLID-89 is an adaptation of an internationally recognized tool and has been tested among the Greek population with diabetes, maintaining its core psychometric properties. It comprehensively covers all major domains of quality of life, ensuring strong content validity and making it appropriate for use in both research and clinical contexts.

Reliability

The reliability of the tool is high, with Cronbach’s alpha values ranging from 0.78 to 0.90 across the twenty factors, confirming strong internal consistency.

Data Analysis and Use

The instrument allows for data analysis both at the level of the overall quality of life index and across specific thematic areas. Results can be used for comparative evaluation between patient groups, examination of the influence of demographic and clinical variables on quality of life, and design of targeted health interventions. The information derived from QOLID-89 is valuable for physicians, psychologists, and healthcare professionals in general.

References

Pita, R., Grigoriadou, E., Eleftheriou, M., Kouvatsou, S., Diaggelos, T., & Karamitsos, D. (2006). Quality of life and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hellenic Diabetological Chronicles, 19(4), 282–294.
Pita, R. K. (2004). Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference of the Northern Greece Diabetological Association. Type 1 diabetic patient: quality of life, demographics, and diabetes management.
Pita, R., et al. (2006). Depression, fatigue, and quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus: analysis of psychological and dietary habits.
Pita, R., Fotakopoulou, O., Kiosseoglou, G., Zafiri, M., Roikou, K., Simos, G., Diaggelos, T., & Karamitsos, D. (2004). Depression and quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus. Hippokratia, 6(1), 44–48.
Vickrey, B. G., Perrine, K., Hays, R. D., et al. (1993). Quality of Life in Epilepsy QOLIE-89. Santa Monica, CA: Rand.