Scale-Description

The PGCMS-16 is a revised version of the original scale that consists of 16 questions focusing on three main dimensions of psychological well-being:
Sense of isolation: Questions related to feelings of loneliness and social isolation.
Health concerns: Evaluates the individual’s level of concern regarding their health and physical problems.
Satisfaction with the present: Assesses the individual’s level of satisfaction with their current life and daily activities.
The scale includes a series of statements to which respondents answer “yes” or “no.” The responses capture the psychological well-being and morale of older adults, providing an overall picture of their mental state.

Data Analysis and Usage

Data collected through the PGCMS-16 are analyzed to assess the psychological well-being of the elderly and identify potential interventions for improvement. The scoring of responses allows for the quantification of an individual’s well-being.
Data analysis includes:
Calculation of the total score: Responses to the 16 questions are converted into scores, which are then aggregated to provide an overall assessment of psychological well-being.
Correlation analysis: To study the relationships between psychological well-being and other factors, such as physical health, social support, and quality of life.
Group comparison: Used to examine psychological well-being in various elderly populations, such as those living in the community versus those in nursing homes.

Purpose

The main goal of the PGCMS-16 is to assess the psychological well-being and morale of older adults. Specifically, the scale:
Enables the identification of levels of satisfaction and well-being among the elderly, as well as areas that may require psychosocial intervention.
Is used in clinical and research settings to monitor changes in the morale of older adults over time or as a result of therapeutic interventions.

Calibration

The calibration of the PGCMS-16 involves:
Reliability analysis: Such as calculating Cronbach’s alpha to determine the internal consistency of the scale.
Confirmatory factor analysis: To confirm the structure of the three main dimensions assessed by the scale.
Cross-validation: In different elderly populations to ensure that the scale is reliable and applicable in various settings and conditions.

Bibliography

Lawton, M. P. (1975). The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: A revision. Journal of Gerontology, 30(1), 85-89.
Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. The Gerontologist, 9(3), 179-186.
Baker, F. M., & Intagliata, J. (1982). Quality of life in the evaluation of community support systems. Evaluation and Program Planning, 5(1), 69-79.