Questionnaire Description

This questionnaire aims to assess students’ entrepreneurial attitudes through seven key dimensions related to entrepreneurship: Innovation, Risk-Taking, Need for Achievement, Internal Locus of Control, Proactiveness, Autonomy, and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Students are asked to respond to 35 statements using a five-point Likert scale, where 1 = “Strongly Disagree” and 5 = “Strongly Agree.”

Purpose

The purpose of the questionnaire is to capture students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship and to determine their level of readiness or interest in future entrepreneurial activity or education. At the same time, it serves as an evaluation tool for educational interventions aimed at enhancing entrepreneurial thinking and action.

Scoring

Responses are rated on a scale from 1 to 5, with 1 indicating “Strongly Disagree” and 5 indicating “Strongly Agree.” Certain items, such as those expressing risk aversion or external locus of control, are reverse scored. The overall score for each dimension is calculated either by the mean or the sum of the responses to the corresponding items. Results can be interpreted per dimension or as an overall entrepreneurial attitude index.

Data Analysis and Use

The collected data can be statistically analyzed to identify patterns, differences, and correlations. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations), inferential tests (t-tests, ANOVA), or factor analysis can be employed to validate the structure of the instrument. The analysis can highlight which students show a stronger entrepreneurial predisposition and in which specific traits.

Use of Data

The results can be used to guide students in their educational paths, to develop or revise entrepreneurship programs, to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and other variables, and to compare student groups based on gender, age, or educational level.

References

Robinson, P. B., Stimpson, D. V., Huefner, J. C., & Hunt, H. K. (1991). An attitude approach to the prediction of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.
Rauch, A., & Frese, M. (2007). Let’s put the person back into entrepreneurship research: A meta-analysis on the relationship between business owners’ personality traits and business creation. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology.
OECD (2015). Entrepreneurship Education: A Guide for Educators.