Description of the Questionnaire

The COVID-19 Household Environment Scale is a measurement tool designed to capture the effects of the pandemic on household functioning and emotional dynamics. The questionnaire explores the extent to which the pandemic affected daily life, family relationships, emotional climate at home, routine, stress levels, the presence of conflicts, and the social and psychological support shared among household members. The scale is based on internationally validated tools, adapted to the cultural and social context of the Greek population.

Objective

The objective of this questionnaire is to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the household environment, both practically and psychosocially. More specifically, it aims to understand changes in daily life, family communication, cohesion, and the emotional well-being of household members. Through this exploration, key areas for the development of preventive or supportive interventions can be identified to maintain the psychological resilience of the family.

Data Analysis and Use

The data collected from the questionnaire are analyzed quantitatively to draw conclusions about household functioning during the pandemic period. Analysis may include statistical techniques such as factor analysis to verify the structure of the scale, internal consistency measurements (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha), and group comparisons based on demographic or other criteria. The data provide qualitative indicators for interpreting family dynamics and the changes associated with the pandemic crisis.

Use of Data

The data collected through the questionnaire can be used in scientific studies, research projects, program evaluations in psychosocial support, or clinical interventions aimed at enhancing family functioning. Additionally, they may support the development of health or social care policies that respond to the needs of households during public health crises. Data use always requires ensuring participants’ anonymity and confidentiality.

Scoring

The scale consists of statements rated by participants on a five-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 2 = Slightly, 3 = Moderately, 4 = Very, 5 = Extremely). Responses are scored by thematic section, and the overall score reflects the intensity of the pandemic’s impact on each aspect of family life. Higher scores indicate greater impact or difficulty, while lower scores reflect a more stable or protected environment. Scoring can be adjusted based on the goals of the research or the characteristics of the target population.

References

Kazak, A. E., Alderfer, M. A., Enlow, P. T., Lewis, A. M., Vega, G., Barakat, L. P., … & Hildenbrand, A. K. (2021). COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Scales: Factor structure and initial validation. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(5), 504–513.
Moos, R. H., & Moos, B. S. (1994). Family Environment Scale Manual: Development, Applications, Research. 3rd ed. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents and children facing the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1713.