Analysis

The Braden Scale is an assessment tool used for the prevention and management of pressure ulcers (bedsores). Developed by Barbara Braden and Nancy Bergstrom in 1987, the scale evaluates six parameters related to the development of pressure ulcers: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear. These assessments help healthcare professionals evaluate the risk of pressure ulcer development in patients and implement appropriate preventive or therapeutic interventions.

Purpose

The primary goal of the Braden Scale is to assist healthcare professionals in preventing pressure ulcers by early identification of patients at high risk. The scale allows for quick and effective assessment, enabling the implementation of preventive measures such as using specialized mattresses, changing the patient’s position, and maintaining skin integrity. By using the scale, the incidence of pressure ulcers and related complications can be reduced, improving overall patient care quality.

Scoring

The Braden Scale scoring includes six categories, each rated from 1 to 4, except for the friction/shear category, which is rated from 1 to 3. The total score ranges from 6 to 23, with lower scores indicating a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers. Specifically, a patient with a score of 16 or lower is considered at risk, while those with a score below 9 are considered at very high risk. A detailed assessment of each category allows healthcare professionals to better understand the specific factors contributing to the risk and take targeted actions.

References

Braden, B. J., & Bergstrom, N. (1987). A conceptual schema for the study of the etiology of pressure sores. Rehabilitation Nursing, 12(1), 8-12.
Bergstrom, N., Braden, B. J., Laguzza, A., & Holman, V. (1987). The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk. Nursing Research, 36(4), 205-210.
Ayello, E. A., & Braden, B. (2002). How and why to do pressure ulcer risk assessment. Advances in Skin & Wound Care, 15(3), 125-131.