Description

Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale is a psychometric tool developed by Julian Rotter in 1966. The purpose of the scale is to measure the dimension of internal–external locus of control, that is, the tendency of an individual to attribute life events and outcomes either to their own actions (internal locus of control) or to external factors such as luck, fate, or the influence of others (external locus of control).

Objective

The objective of Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale is to understand individuals’ beliefs about the extent of control they have over life situations. This understanding can help predict their behavior, guide decision-making, and facilitate adaptation to various circumstances.

Analysis

The scale includes 29 pairs of statements, of which 23 are used to calculate the locus of control score, while 6 are filler items that are not included in the total score. The participant must choose one statement from each pair that best applies to them.
The analysis of results includes:
Score Calculation: The total score is obtained by summing the responses that indicate an external locus of control.
Score Interpretation: Higher scores suggest a tendency toward an external locus of control, while lower scores suggest a tendency toward an internal locus of control.
Statistical Analysis: Further analysis can be conducted to explore the relationships between locus of control and other psychological and social factors, such as self-esteem, performance, and mental health.

Calibration

The calibration of the scale is conducted through studies on large and diverse samples in order to establish normative data and ensure the reliability and validity of the tool. Scores are standardized to allow for reliable comparisons of results across different populations.

References

Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1–28.
Rotter, J. B. (1990). Internal versus external control of reinforcement: A case history of a variable. American Psychologist, 45(4), 489–493.
Phares, E. J. (1976). Locus of Control in Personality. General Learning Press.
Lefcourt, H. M. (1982). Locus of Control: Current Trends in Theory and Research. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Lefcourt, H. M. (1991). Research with the Locus of Control Construct: Extensions and Limitations. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes (pp. 413–499). Academic Press.