Analysis

The Self-Efficacy and Externality Scales are tools used to assess two key domains: Self-Efficacy, meaning an individual’s beliefs about their ability to influence events and situations, and Externality, meaning the belief that life outcomes are determined by external forces or circumstances.

Objective

The main objective of these scales is to measure an individual’s belief in their ability to achieve goals and handle challenges, to assess the extent to which this individual believes that life outcomes depend on external factors such as luck or other people, and to analyze the impact of these beliefs on behavior and decision-making.

Scoring

The scoring of the scales includes questions or statements related to beliefs about the ability to succeed and the involvement of external factors. Participants evaluate these statements on a Likert scale or another type of scale.

References

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized Expectancies for Internal versus External Control of Reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1–28.
Schunk, D. H. (1991). Self-Efficacy and Academic Motivation. Educational Psychologist, 26(3–4), 207–231.
Lefcourt, H. M. (1981). Locus of Control: Current Trends in Theory and Research. Psychology Press.