Self-Efficacy Expectations Scale [SEES-17]

Questionnaire Description

The Self-Efficacy Expectations Scale (SEES-17) was developed by E. Karademas to assess generalized self-efficacy expectations in coping with stressful situations. The scale is based on previous work by the author and examines individuals’ perceived ability to manage time, remain calm, tolerate pressure, and deal effectively with the consequences of stressful circumstances.

The instrument consists of 17 items grouped into three dimensions: self-efficacy expectations regarding negative consequences (7 items), problem-solving self-efficacy expectations (6 items), and self-efficacy awareness (4 items). The scale has been administered to a sample of 201 adults.

Data Analysis and Use

The SEES-17 allows for the examination of both individual dimensions and the broader construct of self-efficacy expectations. Scores may be used to explore how individuals perceive their ability to respond effectively to stressful conditions and manage the cognitive and emotional demands associated with them.

According to the provided material, the instrument demonstrates satisfactory to high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.71 to 0.90, depending on the specific factor. Statistical analysis may therefore be conducted both at the subscale level and at the level of the overall score, depending on the research design.

Purpose

The primary purpose of the SEES-17 is to assess individuals’ expectations regarding their ability to cope effectively with stressful situations. Particular emphasis is placed on problem solving, management of negative consequences, maintenance of calmness, and perceived personal competence and control when facing difficulties.

The scale may therefore be used to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy, psychological adjustment, stress management, and other indicators of psychological well-being.

Scoring

Each item is rated on a four-point scale, ranging from 1 = Not at all to 4 = Very much. Responses may be summed within each dimension to produce separate subscale scores, as well as an overall estimate of self-efficacy expectations.

Higher scores indicate stronger expectations regarding the individual’s ability to cope effectively with demanding and stressful situations.

References

Karademas, E. C. (in press). Resilience and problem-solving self-efficacy expectations, subjective well-being, and psychological symptoms. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping.

Contact: E. Karademas, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece.