PERMA Profiler [PERMA-23]

Questionnaire Analysis

The PERMA Profiler [PERMA-23] was developed by Butler and Kern in 2016 based on Seligman’s theoretical model of the core components of well-being. The instrument was designed as a multidimensional measure of flourishing and was adapted and validated for use in the Greek population by Pezirkianidis and colleagues in 2019.

The PERMA Profiler provides an integrated assessment of several key aspects of psychological well-being and allows researchers and practitioners to examine different dimensions of positive functioning.

Purpose

The primary purpose of the questionnaire is to assess positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, meaning in life, and accomplishment. In addition, the instrument includes items related to negative emotions and physical health, allowing for a broader evaluation of an individual’s overall well-being.

Scoring

The PERMA-23 consists of 23 self-report items. These items assess the main dimensions of well-being, as well as additional aspects related to negative emotions, loneliness, physical health, and an overall well-being indicator. Participants respond using an 11-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 to 10, with response anchors varying according to the content of each item.

Statistical Analysis

The questionnaire yields separate scores for the main dimensions of well-being, together with an overall well-being score. According to the source material, the principal dimensions include positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, meaning in life, life satisfaction, and accomplishment. The overall score is derived from the combined assessment of the PERMA components and the life satisfaction item.

The resulting scores may be used in descriptive and comparative analyses, as well as in examining associations between well-being dimensions and other psychological or demographic variables.

Validity and Reliability

The Greek adaptation of the PERMA Profiler [PERMA-23] was conducted by Pezirkianidis and colleagues in 2019. The source reports the following Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients: positive emotions α=0.83, engagement α=0.56, positive relationships α=0.74, meaning in life α=0.78, accomplishment α=0.72, overall well-being α=0.91, and physical health α=0.85.

References

Butler, J., & Kern, M. L. (2016). The PERMA-Profiler: A brief multidimensional measure of flourishing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 6(3).

Pezirkianidis, C., Stalikas, A., Lakioti, A., & Yotsidi, V. (2019). Validating a multidimensional measure of wellbeing in Greece: Translation, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the PERMA Profiler. Current Psychology, 1–18.