Description of the Scale

The Helfant’s Scale of Hostility in International Relations (HSHIR-16) is a tool designed to measure attitudes of hostility and antagonism on an international level. The HSHIR-16 includes 16 items that examine various aspects of hostility between nations, ethnic groups, or cultures, such as negative attitudes, prejudices, and desires for conflict. Participants respond to each statement using a Likert scale to express their level of agreement or disagreement with the statements.

Data Analysis and Usage

Analyzing data from the HSHIR-16 involves quantitative techniques to assess hostility on an international level. The analysis typically includes:

Descriptive Statistics:Means and Standard Deviations: Calculation of the means and standard deviations for responses to each item or subscale of the scale.

Reliability:Estimation of the internal consistency of the scale using Cronbach’s alpha to confirm the reliability of the results.

Correlations:Examination of correlations between scores on different items or subscales to understand the relationships between various aspects of hostility.

Factor Analysis:Use of factor analyses to identify key factors influencing international hostility, if necessary.

Objective

The primary objective of the HSHIR-16 is to provide a reliable and objective tool for assessing hostility on an international level. It is used for:

Research Purposes: Studying the relationships between hostility and other psychological or social variables, as well as its impact on international relations.

Policy Analysis: Understanding factors leading to hostility between nations or cultures and developing strategies to avoid conflicts.

Crisis Management: Assisting in the management and resolution of conflicts based on the assessment of hostility.

Calibration

The calibration of the HSHIR-16 involves analyzing the data obtained from using the scale to assess the reliability and validity of the tool:

Internal Consistency Evaluation: Calculation of the tool’s reliability using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure the consistency of responses.

Comparative Analysis: Comparison of the HSHIR-16 results with data from other relevant studies to confirm the validity and reliability of the scale.

Bibliography

Helfant, M. Helfant’s Scale of Hostility in International Relations (HSHIR-16).

Helfant, M. Title of the book or article. Publisher or Journal Name

Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. McGraw-Hill.

Mearsheimer, J. J. (2001). The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. W. W. Norton & Company.

Jervis, R. (1976). Perception and Misperception in International Politics. Princeton University Press.

Lebow, R. N. (2003). The Tragic Vision of Politics: Ethics, Interests, and Orders. Cambridge University Press.